Learning the Digestive System Chapter 26

The Digestive  System tends to have minimum anatomy with more complex physiology to study.  This tends to be a more interesting unit of study for most students, and  you have many tools which will aide your successful l You must choose a system that works and launch into your study each day.  You have approximately 1.5 weeks to complete this task.  Stay tuned to the pulse of this unit as you learn.  Allow your digestive juices to flow through this learning experience.!

At the end of the study of this system, the successful student will be able to:

Lecture:

• Recognize the structure and function of the Alimentary Canal--"digestive tract" P 777-778

  

  • APR CD: Select Animation: Select Digestive System overview

  • oral cavity: description and function of each: ( tongue, palate, uvula and specific teeth and tonsils) P. 778-782

    • 

    • Know the name, number and function of each

      • Incisors

      • Canine (cuspids)

      • Premolars

      • Molars

  • 

  • Esophagus

  • stomach( 3 regions) P 791-793

    • 

      APR CD:  Select Animation:   Select Stomach

    • fundus

    • body

    • pylorus

      • Look for the following within the stomach

        • Gastric Folds (rugae)

        • chief cells (pepsin secreting)     *  these cells are microscopic

        • parietal cells (HCL secreting)    *  these cells are microscopic

  • Small Intestine (3 regions) P. 794-796

    • duodenum

    • jejunum

    • ileum

      • Look for the following within the small Intestine

        • villi

        • lacteals

      • 

    •  

  • large intestine( regions) P. 796-799

    • ascending colon

    • transverse colon

    • descending color

    • sigmoid colon

      • Look for the haustra in these regions

      • 

  • Identify the Histological organization of the 4 major digestive layers and the structures contained in each.   p.792

    • mucosal

    • submucosal

    • muscularis

    • Serosa

  Recognize the structure and function of the Accessory organs P800-804

  • salivary glands( 3)* Know all 3 by location and function P780

    • 

  • pancreas P. 803

    • 

  • liver (note the hepatic duct)P. 800

    • 

  • gallbladder (note the cystic and common bile duct) P. 804

    • APR CD: Select Animation:  Select Liver

    • 

• OMIT FROM THIS CHAPTER:

  • Development of the Digestive System: P. 806-808

In addition, from the lab studies , the student will be able to

LAB:

• Human Torso Model: (one per table)

   Be able to locate each structure on the Human Torso Model

  GI Tract Organs or Alimentary

  • oral cavity

    • Locate Uvula

  • Pharynx (3 sections)

  • Esophagus

  • stomach( 3 specific regions)

    • Cardiac Sphincter

    • Fundus

    • Body 

    • Pylorus

      • Pyloric Sphincter

      • Gastric Folds (rugae)

      • Epithelium (simple columnar)

  • small intestine (3 specific regions)

    • Duodenum

    • Jejunum

    • Ileum

      Epithelium (simple columnar)

      • Villi (Finger-like projections)

  • large intestine

    • ileocecal valve

    • cecum

    • Ascending colon

    • Transverse colon

    • Descending colon

    • Sigmoid Colon

    • Rectum

    • Anus

    • Haustra (sac-like structures)

  • Vermiform Appendix

  Accessory Organs:  Locate the following on the Torso model

• • Teeth:  Location and function of each (text P. 782)

    • Incisors

    • Canine

    • Premolars

    • Molars

  • Tongue

  • salivary glands( 3) ()text P. 780)

    • sublingual

    • submandibular

    • Parotid

  • pancreas p. 186-187

    • Pancreatic duct (text P. 803)

    • Islet cells (endocrine)     *   these cells are microscopic and viewed by text

    • Acinar cells (exocrine)    *   these cells are microscopic and viewed by text

     

  • Liver and Gallbladder (Text P. 800 and 804)

    • Common Hepatic duct

    • Cystic Duct

    • Common Bile Duct

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The following sources of information will help you master the  the digestive system and the related structures for which you are responsible.

1. McGraw Hill website:  online Learning Center text material has great potential to help you learn the many components of anatomy and Physiology:

   1. Body Smart which has animations to help you learn the basic components of the body's systems
   2. Do the multiple choice, matching, and labeling for Chapter 26
   3. Use your Anatomy and Physiology revealed OFTEN, studying the interactive images, not just watching them.
   4. Practice, practice, practice and then practice more.  There is a lot of material in these 3 chapters and you will have to spend at least twice as much time as you think you will need to to actually master all this critical material.

2. Textbook:  Read the objectives.  Use them as a guide when you 

   1. skim read the chapter to get a feel for the content and how the different topics are related

   2. reread the chapter look for the critical points and preparing for lecture

   3. study the chapter to learn the critical content

   4. review the chapter preparing for the quizzes and exams

3. Lecture:    Attend all lectures.  Use them to 

   1. identify important points

   2. ask questions of points not well understood in the text

   3. measure your learning comprehension

4. Lab:     Attend your scheduled lab and take advantage of open times to continue to study  
               Use your labs to correlate text structures to actual specimens in lab

5. You may find the glossary helpful for terminology understanding and to learn how to pronounce the words.  If you have forgotten how to call up the glossary, return to the introduction and reread the directions.  There are so many new terms that if you don't practice pronunciation at the same time you master the meaning, you will eventually find yourself very, very confused.  Adult learners remember via words stored in memory.  Without the sound that goes with the word, you will have difficulty retaining the work and its meaning.

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Last modified: May 10, 2005 by Cynthia Herbrandson © Copyright 1999, Kellogg Community College. All rights reserved.